Trickcyclists.co.uk - Revision notes, OSCEs, MCQs, and Exam preparation for MRCPsych candidates

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1. Possible signs of posterior column damage include:
A. Negative rombergism	F
B. Diminished tendon reflexes	T
C. Hypertonicity	F
D. Loss of vibration sense	T
E. Loss of proprioception	T

2. Features of Alzheimer’s disease may include:
A. Glial proliferation	T
B. Cystic necrosis and gliosis	F
C. Granulovacuolar degeneration	T
D. Multiple micro-infarcts	F
E. Arteriosclerosis	F

3. Features of upper motor neuron lesions could include:
A. Clonus	T
B. Cogwheel rigidity	F
C. Flexor plantar response	F
D. Preservation of muscle bulk	T
E. Increased tendon reflexes	T

4. Features of Pick’s disease might include:
A. Frontal and parietal lobes mainly affected	F
B. ‘knife-blade’ atrophy	T
C. ‘balloon cells’	T
D. Absence of fibrous gliosis	F
E. Pick’s cells	T

5. Activation techniques in electroencephalography include:
A. Dehydration	F
B. Sodium valproate	F
C. Alcohol	T
D. Hypoventilation	F
E. Sleep	T

6. Features of Creutzfeldt-Jacob disease include:
A. Neuronal degeneration	T
B. Atrophy of caudate and putamen especially	F
C. Spongeiform changes	T
D. Does not affect the whole CNS	F
E. Glial proliferation	T

7. Possible features of lower motor neuron disease include:
A. Atonic muscles	T
B. Absent reflexes	T
C. Loss of 100 % of muscle bulk	F
D. Clasp-knife rigidity	F
E. Tardive dyskinesia	F

8. Features of multi-infarct dementia include:
A. Senile plaques	F
B. Neurofibrillary tangles	F
C. Hypertension	T
D. Cerebral ischaemia	T
E. Cerebral infarction	T

9. Functions of the non-dominant cerebral hemisphere may include:
A. Holistic	T
B. Ideational	F
C. Pictorial	T
D. Geometric	T
E. Non-linear	T

10. Memory defects occur with lesions in:
A. Medial-dorsal thalamic nucleus	T
B. Wernicke’s area	F
C. Walls of third ventricle	T
D. Broca’s area	F
E. Parietal cortex	F

11. The limbic system includes:
A. Parahippocampal gyrus	T
B. Hypothalamus	T
C. Corpus callosum	F
D. Anterior nucleus of thalamus	T
E. Subcallosal gyrus	T

12. Diplopia occurs in:
A. Neuropathy of oculomotor nerve	T
B. Parkinson’s disease	F
C. Neuropathy of facial nerve	F
D. Huntington’s disease	F
E. Diabetes insipidus	F

13. Associations of benign intracranial hypertension might include:
A. Chlortetracycline administration	T
B. Myxoedema	F
C. Polycythaemia	T
D. Oral contraceptives	T
E. Hypoparathyroidism	T

14. Structures involved in the accommodation reflex include:
A. Pretectal nucleus	F
B. Edinger-Westphal nucleus (bilaterally)	F
C. Lateral geniculate body	T
D. Inferior colliculus	F
E. Oculomotor nuclei of midbrain	T

15. Features of posterior inferior cerebellar artery occlusion might include:
A. Contralateral Horner’s syndrome	F
B. Ipsilateral analgesia (limbs)	F
C. Contralateral ataxia	F
D. Dissociated analgesia	T
E. Ipsilateral analgesia (facial)	T

16. Nystagmus occurs in:
A. Brain stem lesions	T
B. Labyrinthine disease	T
C. Cerebellar lesions	T
D. Healthy subjects	T
E. Rotational stimulation	T

17. Features of basilar artery occlusion could include:
A. Monoplegia	T
B. Contralateral cerebellar signs	F
C. Quadriplegia	T
D. Hypopyrexia	F
E. Contralateral cranial nerve palsies	F

18. Features of general paresis (GPI) may include:
A. ‘Rod cells’	T
B. Cortical thickening	F
C. Thinning of the dura	F
D. Perivascular lymphocytes	T
E. Spirochaetes found in the brain	T

19. Causes of mononeuritis multiplex include:
A. Sarcoidosis	T
B. Bronchial carcinoma	T
C. Leprosy	T
D. Polyarteritis nodosa	T
E. Trauma	F

20. Features of pseudo-bulbar palsy include:
A. Exaggerated jaw jerk	T
B. Emotional lability	T
C. Wasting of tongue	F
D. Facial muscles’ fasciculation	F
E. Dysphonia	T

21. Possible causes of sudden blindness include:
A. Vitreous haemorrhage	T
B. Hysterical dissociation	F
C. Acute glaucoma	T
D. Methanol	T
E. Prolapsed intervertebral disc	F

22. Principal outputs of the basal ganglia go to:
A. Cerebral cortex	F
B. Red nucleus	T
C. Tectum	T
D. Subthalamic nucleus	T
E. Substantia nigra	T

23. Functions of the limbic system may include:
A. Emotional behaviour	T
B. Motivation	T
C. Sexual activity	T
D. Conditioned reflexes	T
E. Memory	T

24. Diencephalic structures include:
A. Pons	F
B. Pituitary	T
C. Thalamus	T
D. Cerebellum	F
E. Hypothalamus	T

25. Functions of the reticular formation include:
A. Arousal	T
B. Principal input to basal ganglia	F
C. Sleep	T
D. Vigilance	F
E. Principle input to limbic system	T

26. Features of the Brown-Sequard syndrome include:
A. contralateral loss of conscious kinaesthesia	F
B. Ipsilateral loss of crude touch	F
C. Contralateral loss of two-point discrimination	F
D. Ipsilateral loss of temperature	F
E. Incomplete lateral hemisection of spinal cord	F

27. Branches of the basilar artery include:
A. Posterior cerebral artery	T
B. Anterior cerebral artery	F
C. Posterior inferior cerebellar arteries	F
D. Anterior inferior cerebellar arteries	T
E. Labyrinthine arteries	T

28. Possible features of complete spinal cord transection include:
A. Reflexes initially hyperactive	F
B. Loss of all voluntary movement below lesion	T
C. Development of automatic bladder in first 3 days usually	F
D. Loss of all perception of sensation below lesion	T
E. Loss of all reflexes after about three weeks	F

29. Possible components of the cerebellum include:
A. Caudate nucleus	F
B. Dentate nucleus	T
C. Lentiform nucleus	F
D. Vermis	T
E. Cingulate gyrus	F

30. Features of anterior cerebral artery occlusion could include:
A. Contralateral lower limb sensory deficits	T
B. Contralateral hemianopia	F
C. Clouding of consciousness	T
D. Motor aphasia	F
E. Contralateral lower limb paresis	T

31. Dopaminergic cell bodies are situated in:
A. ventral tegmental area	T
B. Substantia nigra	T
C. Median raphe nucleus	F
D. Dorsal raphe nucleus	F
E. Arcuate nucleus of hypothalamus	T

32. Telencephalic structures include:
A. Oculomotor nerves	F
B. Basal ganglia	T
C. Crura cerebri	F
D. Optic nerves	F
E. Cerebral hemispheres	T

33. Functions of astrocytes might include:
A. Myelin sheath production	F
B. Filling the role of fibrous tissue	T
C. Lining the cerebral ventricles	F
D. Most numerous of the glial cells	T
E. Lining the spinal canal	F

34. Maxillary division branches of the trigeminal ganglion include:
A. Supraorbital nerve	F
B. Infraorbital nerve	T
C. Superior alveolar nerve	T
D. Inferior alveolar nerve	F
E. Nasociliary nerve	F

35. Components of the basal ganglia may include:
A. Amygdaloid nucleus	T
B. Red nucleus	F
C. Dentate nucleus	F
D. Caudate nucleus	T
E. Subthalamic nucleus	F

36. Features of carotid sinus stimulation may include:
A. Hyperventilation	F
B. Hypertension	F
C. Raised intracranial pressure	F
D. Peripheral vasodilation	T
E. Bradycardia	T

37. Components of the cerebellum include:
A. Flocculonodular node	T
B. Alveus	F
C. Stria terminalis	F
D. Fastigial nucleus	T
E. Interpositus nucleus	T

38. Components of the Papez circuit include:
A. Fornix	T
B. Mamillary body	T
C. Hippocampus	T
D. Thalamus	T
E. Cingulate gyrus	T

39. Possible components of the Pons include:
A. Abducens nucleus	T
B. Oculomotor nucleus	F
C. Trapezoid body	T
D. Red nucleus	F
E. Corpora quadrigemina	F

40. Causes of pre-senile dementia include:
A. Jakob-Creutzfeldt disease	T
B. Simple schizophrenia	F
C. Subacute spongiform encephalopathy	T
D. Manic-depressive psychosis	F
E. Punch-drunk syndrome	T

41. Possible components of the pyramidal system include:
A. Pyramidal tract	T
B. Vestibular nuclei	F
C. Anterior horn cells	T
D. Cerebellum	F
E. Cortico-spinal tract	T

42. Components of the direct and consensual light reflexes could include:
A. Superior colliculus	F
B. Lateral geniculate body	F
C. Ciliary ganglion	T
D. Visual cortex	F
E. Constrictor muscles of iris	T

43. Components of the limbic system may include:
A. Internal capsule	F
B. Median forebrain bundle	T
C. Corpus striatum	F
D. Isthmus	T
E. Medial lemniscus	F

44. The circle of Willis is formed by:
A. Superior cerebellar artery	F
B. Posterior spinal artery	F
C. Posterior communicating artery	T
D. Middle cerebral artery	F
E. Anterior inferior cerebellar artery	F

45. Posterior cerebral artery occlusions cause:
A. Contralateral hemianalgesia	T
B. Ipsilateral hemianaesthesia	F
C. Spontaneous pain	T
D. Ipsilateral hemiplegia	F
E. Ipsilateral hemianopia	F

46. A left homonymous hemianopia may be due to a lesion in:
A. Left optic tract	F
B. Right optic tract	T
C. Optic chiasma	F
D. Right lateral geniculate body	T
E. Left medial geniculate body	F

47. Features of cerebellar disease include:
A. Pendular nystagmus	F
B. Dysdiadochokinesis	T
C. Resting tremor	F
D. Past pointing	T
E. Scanning dysarthria	T

48. Causes of papilloedema include:
A. Central retinal vein thrombosis	T
B. Hypoparathyroidism	T
C. Cavernous sinus thrombosis	T
D. Hypercapnia	T
E. Cranial arteritis	T

49. The following structures are in the pons:
A. Reticular formation	T
B. Substantia nigra	F
C. Locus coeruleus	T
D. Trigeminal nerve nucleus	T
E. Vestibular nuclei	T

50. The following structures are in the midbrain:
A. Superior colliculus	T
B. Inferior colliculus	T
C. Substantia nigra	T
D. Ventral tegmental area	T
E. Medical longitudinal fasciculus	F

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